Macon

Anatomy The location of the parts of the colon are either in the abdominal cavity or behind it in the retroperitoneum. The colon in those areas is fixed in location.

Ascending colon The ascending colon is on the right side of the abdomen, is about 12.5 cm long. It is the part of the colon from the cecum to the hepatic flexure (the turn of the colon by the liver). It is [retroperitoneal] in most humans. In grazing animals the cecum empties into the spiral colon. Anteriorly it is related to the coils of small intestine, the right edge of the greater omentum, and the anterior abdominal wall. Posteriorly, it is related to the iliacus, the iliolumbar ligament, the quadratus lumborum, the transverse abdominis, the diaphragm at the tip of the last rib; the lateral cutaneous, ilioinguinal, and iliohypogastric nerves; the iliac branches of the iliolumbar vessels, the fourth lumbar artery, and the right kidney.

Transverse colon The transverse colon is the part of the colon from the hepatic flexure (the turn of the colon by the liver) to the splenic flexure (the turn of the colon by the spleen). The transverse colon hangs off the stomach, attached to it by a wide band of tissue called the greater omentum. On the posterior side, the transverse colon is connected to the posterior abdominal wall by a mesentery known as the transverse mesocolon.

The transverse colon is encased in peritoneum, and is therefore mobile (unlike the parts of the colon immediately before and after it). More cancers form as the large intestine goes along and the contents become more solid (water is removed) in order to form feces. It is primarily supplied by the middle colic artery, a branch of superior mesenteric artery.

Descending colon The descending colon is the part of the colon from the splenic flexure to the beginning of the sigmoid colon. It is retroperitoneal in two-thirds of humans. In the other third, it has a (usually short) mesentery.

Sigmoid colon The sigmoid colon is the part of the large intestine after the descending colon and before the rectum. The name sigmoid means S-shaped (see sigmoid). The walls of the sigmoid colon are muscular, and contract to increase the pressure inside the colon, causing the stool to move into the rectum.

Due to the intermittent high pressure within it, the colon can develop pockets called diverticuli in its walls. The presence of diverticuli, whether harmful or not, is called diverticulosis. An infection of the diverticuli is called diverticulitis.

Sigmoidoscopy is a common diagnostic technique used to examine the sigmoid colon.

Function The large intestine comes after the small intestine in the digestive tract and measures approximately 1.5 meters in length. Although there are differences in the large intestine between different organisms, the large intestine is mainly responsible for storing waste, reclaiming water, maintaining the water balance, and absorbing some vitamins, such as vitamin K.

By the time the chyme has reached this tube, almost all nutrients and 90% of the water have been absorbed by the body. At this point some electrolytes like sodium, magnesium, and chloride are left as well as indigestible carbohydrates known as dietary fiber. As the chyme moves through the large intestine, most of the remaining water is removed, while the chyme is mixed with mucus and bacteria known as gut flora, and becomes feces. The bacteria break down some of the fiber for their own nourishment and create acetate, propionate, and butyrate as waste products, which in turn are used by the cell lining of the colon for nourishment. This is an example of a symbiotic relationship and provides about 100 Calories a day to the body. The large intestine produces no digestive enzymes chemical digestion is completed in the small intestine before the chyme reaches the large intestine. The pH in the colon varies between 5.5 and 7 (slightly acidic to neutral).

There are a number of diseases or disorders of the colon:

Angiodysplasia of the colon, Chronic functional abdominal pain, Colitis, Colon cancer, Constipation, Crohn's disease, Diarrhea, Diverticulitis, Diverticulosis, Hirschsprung's disease (aganglionosis), Irritable bowel syndrome, Polyposis (see also Polyp), Pseudomembranous colitis, Ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon.

http://www.theanswerplan.biz/the_colon.html Your source for online health information

The Hero's Journey (Monomyth) is the template upon which the vast majority of successful stories and Hollywood blockbusters are based upon. In fact, ALL of the hundreds of Hollywood movies we have deconstructed (see URL below) are based on this 188+ stage template.

Understanding this template is a priority for story or screenwriters. This is the template you must master if you are to succeed in the craft.

[The terminology is most often metaphoric and applies to all successful stories and screenplays, from The Godfather (1972) to Brokeback Mountain (2006) to Annie Hall (1977) to Lord of the Rings (2003) to Drugstore Cowboy (1989) to Thelma and Louise (1991) to Apocaplyse Now (1979)].

THERE IS ONLY ONE STORY

THE HERO'S JOURNEY:

a) Attempts to tap into unconscious expectations the audience has regarding what a story is and how it should be told.

b) Gives the writer more structural elements than simply three or four acts, plot points, mid point and so on.

c) Gives you a tangible process for building and releasing dissonance (establishing and achieving catharses, of which there are usually four).

d) Gives you a universal structural template upon which you can superimpose your situational story. This is why stories such as Alien (1979), Gladiator (2000), Midnight Cowboy (1969), American Beauty (1999), The Graduate (1967) and many others (all deconstructed at the URL below) appear to be different but are all constructed, almost sequence by sequence, in the same way.

and more...

*****Heros Journey: Motivation*****

The detective hero realises that there is danger of being accused of the crime and initiates a delaying tactic. This is further motivation to solve the crime. In The Maltese Falcon (1939), Sam calls his lawyer.

*****Convergence*****

Those allies, who were previously separated (during the stage of the Separation), now return (post the Rebirth through Death stage). In Dances with Wolves (1990), Kicking Bird, Wind in his Hair et al return. In Goodfellas (1990), Henry moves Karen and kids into a swanky apartment as soon as he is released from prison. In Goldfinger (1964), Bond activates the homing device; Felix and the CIA prepare.

Retarded Convergence. As Allies begin to converge toward the Hero, it is not unusual for an obstacle, some misinformation or some misjudgement to delay them. This can be a set up for a later catharsis. In Goldfinger (1964), Oddjob crushes Solo in the car and the homing beacon is lost. It appears that they have lost Bond.

*****Symbolic Journeys*****

Symbolism is underestimated. In Brokeback Mountain (2005), Ennis rides to the sheep, a symbolic indicator of progression of Journey [to the Inner Cave].

*****No Mans Land and New Self*****

It is in No Mans Land that the Hero's New Self becomes apparent. In Brokeback Mountain (2005), Jack tells Pop, the ignorant son of a bitch, to sit down. Ennis finds out that Alma knows he is gay.

*****Descent into the Cave*****

The Hero et al descend into a Cave. The Cave is a metaphor for a sub-domain within the First Threshold. In When Harry met Sally (1989), Harry meets Sally in the airport (a sub-domain of New York City).

Descent can be interpreted in many ways - the Hero can physically and mentally descend, he can go deeper in the sense of involvement or familiarisation. In Dances with Wolves (1990), Fort Hayes is initially unwelcoming and alien. But John Dunbar makes it his home.

Certain characteristics are noticeable:

Dark and Unknown. The descent is often dark and the Hero et al seem as if they are travelling into the unknown or unexpected. Anything could happen here.

Pull Down. The Hero et al have no choice but to descend; something forces them there. In The Matrix (1999), Neo literarily falls form the pod.

Resistance. There may be resistances.

Foreboding. Phrases like "I don't like the look of this" are common.

Warnings. Phrases like "don't go there" are common.

Learn more

WRITE THAT SCREENPLAY!

The Complete 188 stage Heros Journey and other story structure templates can be found at http://www.clickok.co.uk/

The Managing Creativity and Innovation MBA dissertation, DIY creativity Audit, Powerpoint presentation and Good Idea generator software can be found at http://www.managing-creativity.com/

You can also receive a regular, free newsletter by entering your email address at this site.

Kal Bishop, MBA

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You are free to reproduce this article as long as no changes are made, the author's name is retained and the link to our site URL remains active.

Testosterone is a hormone produced in the testes. It is responsible for male sexual development during puberty, as well as muscle growth and strength. Testosterone production naturally decreases with age. Beginning at around the age of 25 and sometimes decreasing as much as 10% per decade.

Sometimes a mans testosterone level becomes lower than what is normal for his age. This can be caused by many factors and the effects of a low testosterone level can be very disturbing.

One of the effects of low testosterone is a decrease in sexual desire or libido. Noticing this, a man may try aphrodisiacs or think that he is no longer attracted to his partner. Depending on the age of the man, a decrease in testosterone production may be the actual problem.

A low testosterone level can be corrected. There is a school of thought today that says that our hormones do not decrease because we age, but that we age because our hormones decrease.

Noticing an increase in fatigue or a lack of energy, a man may think that he is just getting older, but these things could be caused by a decrease in testosterone production. A low testosterone level could be the culprit. The good news is that the effects of low testosterone can be reversed to a large degree for many people.

Feeling sad, depressed or nervous, a man may think that he needs a prescription for an anti-depressant or an anti-anxiety medication. If the actual problem is reduced testosterone production, then medications like these will only make other symptoms (like sexual dysfunction) worse.

Some products may actually increase testosterone production. Athletes and body-builders have long known the effects of low testosterone on their strength, endurance and over all performance.

Because of this, they and their trainers have experimented with nutritional supplements and herbal products like tribulus terrestris and avena sativa. Their experience has proven to be beneficial to the average, non-athlete, non-body builder who just wants to feel normal.

There is even a correlation between low levels of testosterone and heart disease in men.

If you think that you may be suffering from the effects of low testosterone or reduced testosterone production, consult your doctor. A simple blood or saliva test will compare your testosterone level to what is normal for your age and a treatment plan can be devised.

Testosterone replacement therapy may not be necessary. Studies have shown that testosterone production can be increased naturally by a variety of means.

But if you are suffering from a more serious condition associated with low testosterone, such as andropause, you may need prescription strength testosterone.

Learn more about testosterone production and enhancing testosterone, whether prescription or natural, at http://www.testosterone-booster-guide.com

The Mercedes Benz SL-Class handles sleek and fine! Smooth ride, upgraded interior and exterior features and overall fun make this a classic for car enthusiasts today. Lets see why!

SL-Class Models

Taking a glance at the SL models, the Mercedes Benz SL boasts a two turbo compressor, a V12 front engine with 5,980 cc 6 liters, overhead cam and three valves per cylinder. Reported fuel economy using premium unleaded fuel 91 is EPA highway 19 miles per gallon and EPA city 13 miles per gallon with a multi-point injection fuel system and a 21.1-gallon fuel tank, powered by a 450 kW, 604 horsepower SAE torque at 4,800 rpm.

Safety and braking features include four-wheel anti-lock and brake assist systems, corning control for brakes, four disc brakes / ventilated discs, electronic traction and brake distribution systems, tire kit and immobilyzer.

Outside measures a length of 178.5 inches, 71.5 inches in width, 51 inches in height with a wheelbase measuring 100.8 inches plus a front and rear track measuring 61.8 inches and 61.1 inches respectively, plus curb turning at 36.2 feet.

While inside measurements are 37.7 inches front headroom, 53.9 inches front hip room, 42.9 inches front leg room, 54 inches front shoulder room and and interior volume of 57.8 cubic feet.

Fun features for all passengers and driver include a Bose audio system with anti-lift theft protection and code, satellite and CD player, 11.2 cubic feet of seating space, a cellular phone, onboard computer for speed and fuel functions and much more.

To view digital full color photos and read more information about the Mercedes Benz automotive line - and especially more about in the Mercedes Benz SL model race over to the Internet and surf around. Read automotive reviews, check out auto specs, print out auto articles and download full color auto photos. Grab your calculator or use the one on your computer to compare the various priced packages, checking credentials of the various competitors. In short, learn more just by typing in the models of the Mercedes Benz you want to check out in search engines.

eBay Motors

Make a pit stop at eBay Motors http://www.motors.ebay.com for your automotive needs, too: auto, parts, accessories and other related auctions. Youll join millions of other shoppers who search for excellent automotive deals 24/7 all over the world. Target eBays auto shop, Mercedes Benz category, and participate in any of thousands of auctions for Mercedes Benz cars, accessories, parts and more.

Ralph Nunes' Mercedes On Sale website offers articles, tips and updates on a wide selection of New And Used Mercedes Benz models. To find this and more, check out his website at http://www.mercedesonsale.com/